Word Finder - volcanoes

definition

A vent or fissure on the surface of a planet (usually in a mountainous form) with a magma chamber attached to the mantle of a planet or moon, periodically erupting forth lava and volcanic gases onto the surface.

definition

A form of firework.

Extinct volcanoes are numerous in several of the ranges, e.g.

It is along the western side of the northern half of the chain that the line of volcanic action is apparent; the islands here (of which some are active volcanoes) are lofty.

In all these cases, however, the eruptions have now almost ceased; and the great volcanoes of the present day lie in the islands off the eastern and south-eastern coasts.

On the Pacific slope extinct volcanoes (mentioned in Chinese annals) have been reported in the Ilkhuri-alin mountains in northern Manchuria.

Finally in the east of Yezo rise the most westerly volcanoes of the Kurile chain.

Since the Rev. William Ellis and a party of American missionaries first made the volcano known to the civilized ' Among the minqr phenomena of Hawaiian volcanoes are the delicate glassy fibres called Pele's hair by the Hawaiians, which are spun by the wind from the rising and falling drops of liquid lava, and blown over the edge or into the crevices of the crater.

All the volcanoes in the group were then quiescent.

Mineral Springs.The presence of so many active volcanoes is partially compensated by a wealth of mineral springs.

Volcanoes Fuji is the most remarkable volcanic peak.

There are twelve active volcanoes in the archipelago.

In three of them the volcanoes are entirely extinct, while the fourth is still in great activity.

The existing volcanoes belong to four separate arcs or chains.

This part of Mexico is highly volcanic in character, the transverse ridge just described having a large number of extinct volcanoes and at least three (Colima, Jorullo and Ceboruco) that are either active or semi-active.

There are eight other volcanoes, which although extinct or dormant have well-preserved cones.

With this possible exception there are no active volcanoes in Korea, and the region has also been remarkably free from earthquakes throughout historic times.

In Owen's Valley is a fine group of extinct or dormant volcanoes.

Along the south-eastern margin, in front of the Taurus, stands a line of great volcanoes, stretching from Kara-Dagh to Argaeus.

Then the country came once more under the sea, and the debris of the previous formations, mixed with fragments from the volcanoes then situated in West Finland, formed the so-called Bothnian series.

A large part of the chain is covered by the products of the great volcanoes which still form the highest summits of the Chilean and Argentine Andes.

The recent lavas of the still active volcanoes of the south are olivine-bearing hypersthene-andesite and basalt.'

In Baluchistan these volcanoes appear to be extinct; though the Koh-i-Tafdan, beyond the Persian frontier, still emits vapours at frequent intervals.

The lavas and ashes which form these cones are mostly andesitic. Mud " volcanoes " occur upon the Makran coast, but it is doubtful whether these are in any way connected with true volcanic agencies.

Sulphur has long been worked on a small scale in the Koh-i-Sultan, the largest of the volcanoes of western Baluchistan.

Nor should the evidences of active volcanic agency afforded by the mud volcanoes of the coast be overlooked.

The eastern ranges of the Bolivian Andes are formed of Palaeozoic rocks with granitic and other intrusions; the Western Cordillera consists chiefly of Jurassic and Cretaceous beds, together with the lavas and ashes of the great volcanoes; while the intervening plateau is covered by freshwater and terrestrial deposits through which rise ridges of Palaeozoic rock and of a series of red sandstones and gypsiferous marls of somewhat uncertain age (probably, in part at least, Cretaceous).

The volcanoes of Bolivia lie almost entirely in the Western Cordillera - the great summits of the eastern range, such as Illimani and Sorata, being formed of Palaeozoic rocks with granitic and other intrusions.

Another chain of volcanoes runs from Ichinskaya (which burst into activity several times in the 18th and igth centuries) to Shiveluch, seemingly parallel to the above but farther north.

The two chains contain twelve active and twenty six extinct volcanoes, from 7000 to more than 15,000 ft.

The northern portion of the residency constitutes the most fertile portion, is generally flat with a hilly group in the middle, where the two inactive volcanoes, Karang and Pulosari, are found, while the north-western corner is occupied by the isolated Gede Mountain.

It seems to be a sublimation-product formed in volcanoes by the interaction of the vapour of ferric chloride and steam.

Raised shore-lines, occasional earthquakes, and slow measurable elevation of the land about active volcanoes, indicate that elevation is now in progress, but the geological evidence shows no sign of former submergence of a connecting isthmus.

In the Alaskan Range and the Aleutian Range there are more than a dozen live volcanoes, several of them remarkable; the latter range is composed largely of volcanic material.

Their only remarkable features are the volcanoes on the easterly islands, already mentioned.

The town of Shemakha, near the eastern end of the system, was the scene of volcanic outbreaks as late as 1859, 1872 and 1902; while in the adjacent peninsula of Apsheron mud volcanoes exist in large numbers.

The last phase in the history of the Caucasus was marked by the growth of the great volcanoes of Elbruz and Kasbek, which stand upon the old rocks of the central zone, and by the outflow of sheets of lava upon the sides of the chain.

Its centre is traversed from south-east to north-west by the Coiron range which extends from the Rhone to the Mont Mezenc (5755 ft.), the highest point in the department, and the oldest of its many volcanoes.

The Central is the axis of the system, is distinguished by a line of lofty volcanoes and paramos, some of which show their white mantles 2000 to 3000 ft.

Although volcanoes are by no means absent, they are much less important than in Ecuador, and their products take a far smaller share in the formation of the Andes.

The peaks of this system are much higher than those of the Coast Range, varying from 5000 to 11,000 ft., and the highest of them are cones of extinct volcanoes.

Oil has been discovered near the mud volcanoes of Minbu, but it seems to lie at too great a depth to be profitably worked.

The Napo rises on the flanks of the volcanoes of Antisana, Sincholagua and Cotopaxi.

There have been no active volcanoes since the Pliocene Tertiary time, but the country is still subject to dangerous earthquakes.

Mineral springs are common, especially near former volcanoes.

Above its surface tower a great number of volcanoes and several craters, and its waters are alive with water-fowl, a multitude of ducks of various species breeding on its islands.

Altogether 107 volcanoes are known to exist in Iceland, with thousands of craters, great and small.

They are grouped in dense masses round the volcanoes from which they have flowed, the bulk of the lava dating from outbreaks which occurred in prehistoric times.

Many of the Icelandic volcanoes during their periods of quiescence are covered with snow and ice.

At Myvatn there are several volcanoes, which were particularly active in the years 1724-1730.

There are often long intervals between the successive outbreaks, and many of the volcanoes (and this is especially true of the chains of craters) have only vented themselves in a solitary outburst.

The geysers and other hot springs are due to the same causes as the active volcanoes, and the earthquakes are probably manifestations of the same forces.