noun
definition
A precise description of a place.
definition
A detailed graphic representation of the surface features of a place or object.
definition
The features themselves; terrain.
definition
The surveying of the features.
Examples of topography in a Sentence
As a result the topography is characterized by low, rounded hills, but is nowhere mountainous.
Finally, the surface topography will often throw much light on the underground structure.
The glacial era has left abundant evidences in the topography of the state.
Ptolemy used the word geography to signify the description of the whole oekumene on mathematical principles, while chorography signified the fuller description of a particular region, and topography the very detailed description of a smaller locality.
There are no mountains, forests or large bodies of water to moderate the extremes of summer and winter, and the uniformity of topography makes the ranges of temperature for different parts of the state very nearly the same.
His published works deal chiefly with topography and ancient mythology.
Moreover, he wrote an article in the Edinburgh Review of July 1805 criticizing Sir William Gill's Topography of Troy, and these circumstances led Lord Byron to refer to him in English Bards and Scotch Reviewers as "the travell'd thane, Athenian Aberdeen."
As his official duties made no great demands on his time, he had abundant leisure to devote to his favourite studies, - the antiquities and topography of Scotland having thenceforth special attractions for his busy pen.
The oldest rectangular map of the world is contained in a most valuable work written by Cosmas, an Alexandrian monk, surnamed Indicopleustes, after returning from a voyage to India (535 A.D.), and entitled Christian Topography.
For topography, &c. and archaeology, see Sudan § Anglo-Egyptian and Egypt.
It contains many valuable articles on history, topography, botany, mining, commerce and statistics.
Beyond this the topography is wholly uncertain.
Of Polybius's anxiety to get at the truth no better proof can be given than his conscientious investigation of original documents and monuments, and his careful study of geography and topography - both of them points in which his predecessors, as well as his successor Livy, conspicuously failed.
The topography of the island is dominated by the paps; conical shaped mountains rising to over 2500 feet.
These children showed a deep knowledge of the urban topography.
To remedy this, Murat and other general officers as well as minor agents were sent ahead and instructed to travel through South Germany in plain clothes with a view to collecting information and mastering the topography.
The respiratory current of water is therefore conducted to the exterior by different means from that adopted by Amphioxus, and this difference is so great that the theory which seeks to explain it has to postulate radical changes of structure, function and topography.
Parallelism of mountain ridges and intervening valleys is thus attributable to the folding of the rocks, but the origin of the interior structure of the mountains is to be kept distinct from the origin of the mountains as features of topography.
The later small movements are of importance because they are related to the existing topography with which we are here concerned.
The height is greatest along the inner or north-western border of the belt, and here a sub-mountainous topography has been produced by normal dissection, chiefly in the Tertiary cycle; the valleys being narrow because the rocks are resistant.
They completely dominate the topography of their districts.
Nevertheless the mountains are of especial interest to the physiographer who wishes to make a comparative study of land forms as affected by normal and by glacial sculpture, in order to give due attention to process as well as to structure and stage in the analysis and description of mountain topography.
These great changes in the relation of land and water, and in topography, led to correspondingly great changes in life, and the combination marks the transition from the Mesozoic to the Cainozoic era.
At the close of the period the topography of the western part of the country must have been comparable to that of the present time.
Subsequent erosion has changed the details of topography on an extensive scale, and subsequent deformative movements have renewed large topographic features where erosion had destroyed those developed by the close of the Miocene.
But in spite of these great changes since the Miocene, the great outlines of the topography of the present were probably marked out by the close of that period.
The careful study of these fluvial formations is likely to throw much light on the history of the deformative movements and changes in topography in the United States during the late stages of geological history.
The details of the topography of the western mountains are largel of post-Pliocene development.
While these ancient events shaped the topography in a broad way, its final development was comparatively recent, during the glacial period, when the loose materials were scoured from some regions and spread out as boulder clay, or piled up as moraines in others; and the original water-ways were blocked in many places.
For this reason the region has a very youthful topography with innumerable lakes and waterfalls as evidence that the rivers have not long been at work.
In topography and characteristics and in the difficulties of its regulation the Arkansas is in many ways typical of the rivers in the arid regions of the western states.
The topography of the Orkneys is wholly Norse, and the Norse tongue, at last extinguished by the constant influx of settlers from Scotland, lingered until the end of the 18th century.
The fact is that no amount of ingenuity can reconcile the descriptions given in the Odyssey with the actual topography of this island.
He succeeds in fitting the Homeric topography to this latter island, and suggests that the name may have been transferred in consequence of a migration of the inhabitants.
Educated at the Collegio Romano and the university of Rome, he became professor of ancient topography at that university in 1878.
These two diagrams naturally have much the same general shape, but though the boundaries of the several regions in the iron-cementite diagram are known pretty accurately, and though the relative positions of the boundaries of the two diagrams are probably about as here shown, the exact topography of the iron-graphite diagram is not yet known.
For language and epigraphy see NABATAEANS, SEMITIC LANGUAGES; for topography, &C., PALESTINE; and for the later history, JEWS.
Zuyder Zee, though the topography of the district has greatly altered.
The names of the gods and the places of their worship were catalogued and classified, and manuals were devoted to the topography of mythological regions.
The accompanying simple figure indicates better than any verbal description the topography of the main groups of foci in the motor field of a manlike ape (chimpanzee).
Its topography is described in detail under Zealand.
Patria (TO, IIaTpca Ti - js Kcvvaravnvov1r6XEcos), treating of the history, topography, and monuments of Constantinople.
When the land reappeared a new series of valleys would at once begin to be eroded; and the subsequent degradation of these overlying sediments might reveal portions of the older topography, as in the case of the Great Glen, Lauderdale, and other ancient valleys.
The influence of the topography of the country on the history of its inhabitants has been all-important.
The topography of Darwaz south of the river is not accurately known, but at least one considerable stream of some 60 m.
In 1864 was founded the Palestine Exploration Fund, under the auspices of which an ordnance survey map of the country was completed (published 1881), and accompanied by volumes containing memoirs on the topography, orography, hydrography, archaeology, fauna and flora, and other details.
While the buildings give archaeological evidence for every period of Greek life and history from the pre-Mycenaean period down to Roman times, the topography itself shows that the Heraeum must have been constructed before Mycenae and without any regard to it.
At Athens the agora of classical times was adorned with trees planted by Cimon; around it numerous public buildings were erected, such as the council chamber and the law courts (for its topography, see Athens).
The entire region is very much dissected by streams, and the topography is characteristically of a terrace and escarpment type.
In the Piedmont Province temperature conditions are naturally less stable, owing to the distance from the sea and to the greater inequality of surface topography.