adjective
definition
Pertaining to the kidneys.
Examples of renal in a Sentence
There may be from one to nine gills between the genital and renal pores.
The renal organs are tubular outgrowths of the pericardial parts of the coelom; the reproductive cells are derived from cells lining the generative portion.
The largest pair of branchiae is placed immediately behind the renal openings and corresponds to the single pair of other molluscs, the organs being repeated anteriorly only (Metamacrobranchs) or anteriorly and posteriorly (Mesomacrobranchs).
The renal tube is doubled on itself, its middle part where the bend occurs being situated more or less anteriorly.
A simple gonaduct on each side arises from the gonad near its posterior end and passes first forwards, then backwards, and lastly outwards to the external opening in the pallial groove, anterior to the renal aperture.
The coelom differs from that of the Chitons in the fact that the cavities of the genital organs are continuous with it, and in the fact that there is only one pair of coelomoducts resembling the renal organs of Chitons, but serving also as genital ducts.
On this view then the Aplacophora are more primitive than the Polyplacophora in the relations of coelom, gonad and coelomoducts; and the genital ducts of the Chitons have arisen either by metameric repetition within the group, or by the gradual loss of an original connexion between the generative sac and the renal tube, as in Lamellibranchs and Gastropods, the generative sac acquiring a separate duct and opening to the exterior on each side.
In small or moderate doses it is a powerful diuretic. Though Heidenhain asserts that rise in the renal blood-pressure has not a diuretic action per se, it seems probable that this influence of the drug is due to a rise in the general blood-pressure associated with a relatively dilated condition of the renal vessels.
In large doses, on the other hand, the renal vessels also are constricted and the amount of urine falls.
In pain due to violent sciatica relief and even permanent cure has been obtained by the injection of morphine directly into the muscle of the affected part, and in the treatment of renal and hepatic colic morphine given subcutaneously will relieve the acute pain consequent on the passage of biliary and urinary calculi.
The effect of large doses is to cause great pain in the renal region and urgent wish to micturate.
It must not be employed in cases of renal disease, owing to the risks attendant upon absorption.
The toxic symptoms have already been detailed, the patient usually dying from arrest of the renal functions.
The renal organs of the oyster were discovered by Hoek to agree in their morphological relations with those of other lamellibranchs.
The genital opening on each side is situated in a depression of the surface into which the renal organ also opens.
The most important excretory or renal organs of the Crustacea are two pairs of glands lying at the base of the antennae and of the second maxillae respectively.
The renal organs are a pair of short wide sacs with folded walls lying on either side of the anterior end of the liver.
Tubes of renal excretory function in a like position occur in most terrestrial Arthropoda - viz.
Such renal caecal tubes seem to be readily evolved from either metenteron or proctodaeum when the conditions of the out-wash of nitrogenous waste-products are changed by the transference from aquatic to terrestrial life.
The absence of such renal caeca in Limulus and their presence in the terrestrial Arachnida is precisely on a parallel with their absence in aquatic Crustacea and their presence in the feebly branchiate Amphipoda.
Renal caecal tubes (Malpighian tubes) open into the proctodaeum.
Renal excretory caeca (Malpighian tubes) are developed from the proctodaeum (not from mesenteron as in scorpion and Amphipoda).
It thus appears that in Peripatus the coelom does not develop a perivisceral portion, but gives rise only to the renal and reproductive organs.
In some people not being able to make the urine acid called renal tubular acidosis makes calcium phosphate stones more likely.
Salicylate appears to competitively inhibit plasma protein binding of acetazolamide and simultaneously to inhibit acetazolamide renal secretion that may produce serious metabolic acidosis.
Chronic renal failure is amenable to dietary modification however acute is not.
Since the renal allograft has no collateral arterial supply, irreversible injury may result if the ischemic time exceeds 1.5 hours.
The second most common type, accounting for 6-20% of renal stones, is formed from struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate ).
Neurological storage disease has been reported in this breed and renal amyloidosis, a form of kidney disease, has also been seen.
A renal angiogram helps to diagnose narrowed blood vessels to the kidney.
Possible causes of an abscess would include appendicitis, Crohn's disease, diverticular disease of the caecum, renal infection,?
This in turn decreases the resistance in the afferent arteriole which results in an increase in renal blood flow.
In addition to promoting systemic atherosclerosis, an elevation in lipid levels also may contribute to the development of glomerulosclerosis in chronic renal failure.
Obstruction or rupture of the urinary tract distal to the renal pelvis will result in a post-renal azotemia.
The systemic bioavailability of omeprazole is not significantly altered in patients with reduced renal function.
Ibandronic acid is eliminated by renal excretion only and does not undergo any biotransformation.
A study was to investigating whether the use of cardiopulmonary bypass increased the risk of developing acute renal failure.
She is currently based at Great Ormond Street Hospital where she is doing an MD on vascular calcification in children with end-stage renal disease.
A Phase III trial in renal cell carcinoma is planned to start in 2006.
Since the renal clearance of imatinib is negligible, a decrease in total body clearance is not expected in patients with renal insufficiency.
The staff in A&E thought he had renal colic again, supported by the presence of traces of blood in his urine.
Perhaps the use of ' sulphuric ether ' for renal or biliary colic was recognized earlier than 1842.
Renal cell carcinomas can present with ' clot ' colic similar in nature to ureteric colic due to renal calculus.
It is used to treat pain of renal colic.
It is relatively contraindicated in asthma and renal failure and should be given in small increments in uncorrected hypovolaemia.
The medulla is full of renal tubules, but does not contain renal corpuscles.
The renal corpuscles are always found in the renal cortex.
Serum urea and electrolytes and creatinine to assess renal function (but a normal serum creatinine does not rule out obstruction ).
Low albumin and high creatinine can indicate renal involvement.
The outcome was development of end stage renal disease or doubling of serum creatinine.