Word Finder - epidemics

definition

A widespread disease that affects many individuals in a population.

definition

An occurrence of a disease or disorder in a population at a frequency higher than that expected in a given time period.

Endemic diseases are unknown and epidemics are rare.

The origin of these two epidemics was obscure.

The dissemination of plant parasites is favored by many circumstances not always obvious, whence an air of mystery regarding epidemics was easily created in earlier times.

Yellow fever epidemics are common on the Campeche coast, and sometimes appear at Progreso and Merida.

Epidemics rarely spread over any considerable tract of country, but are nearly always confined within local limits.

Daremberg's edition of the Ouvres choisies (2nd ed., Paris, 1855) includes the Oath, the Law, the Prorrhetics, book i., the Prognostics, On Airs, Waters, and Places, Epidemics, books i.

The city is built in a bowllike depression of the great central plateau, and the drainage from the surrounding hillsides has produced a dangerously insanitary condition, from which one or two virulent fever epidemics have resulted.

All collections of living beings are subject to epidemics, and in an ideal menagerie special precautions should be taken.

There were no unusual epidemics during those years, and the rate given may be considered normal.

We have experienced several epidemics and learned a great deal about how to combat the spread of disease.

The climate is mild and healthy, although serious epidemics of yellow fever and typhus have occurred.

On both coasts yellow fever epidemics appear at frequent intervals.

Epidemics of typhus are not unknown, as well as ophthalmia.

Drains were rare, epidemics common.

Plague, formerly one of the great scourges of the country, seems to have been stamped out, the last visitation having been in 1844, but cholera epidemics occasionally occur.i Cholera rarely extends south of Cairo.

In 1848 it is believed that over 200,000 persons died from cholera, but later epidemics have been much less fatal.

The climate is now less healthy than it was, severe epidemics of malarial fever having frequently occurred, so that malaria now appears to be endemic among the non-European population.

There were in addition several epidemics of small-pox and plague, and from about 1880 onward the continual decline in the price of sugar seriously affected the islanders, especially the Creole population.

For the epidemics of the succeeding centuries we must refer to more detailed works.(1)

It is impossible, however, to pass over the great cycle of epidemics in the 14th century known as the Black Death.

The most complete medical history of epidemics is Haser's Geschichte der epidemischen Krankheiten (3rd ed., Jena, 1882), forming the third volume of his History of Medicine.

Hecker calculates that one-fourth of the population of Europe, or 25 millions of persons, died in the whole of the epidemics.

Some of the epidemics of this period in Italy and Germany are known by the accounts of eminent physicians, as Vochs, Fracastor, Mercurialis, Borgarucci, Ingrassia, Massaria, Amici, &c., (3) whose writings are important because the question of contagion first began to be raised, and also plague had to be distinguished from typhus fever, which began in this century to appear in Europe.

The epidemics in England will be most conveniently considered in one series.

In another direction the plague spread over Little Russia in 1770, and desolated Kieff, while in the next year it broke out in Moscow and produced one of the most destructive epidemics of modern.

The disease, while reappearing in the seats of the terrible earlier epidemics, was more limited in its range and of shorter duration.'

After a short interval it reappeared at Divanieh in December 1874, and spread over a much wider area than in the previous epidemics.

The Astrakhan disease may have been imported from Resht or Baku, or may have been caused concurrently with the epidemics of these places by some cause affecting the basin of the Caspian generally.

In 1834 and 1836 other epidemics occurred, which at last attracted the attention of government.

And even in the East plague was confined to more or less clearly localized epidemics; it showed no power of pandemic diffusion.

At the end of the 16th century there was a pestilence following a prolonged famine, and in the 17th century two violent epidemics are recorded under the names ta'un and waba.

It does not differ from them in its clinical features more than epidemics of other diseases are apt to vary at different times, or more than can be accounted for by difference of handling.

During the epidemics of 1878 and 1879 fully two-thirds of the population fled from the city, many of whom died of the fever at other places, and a still larger number did not return.

Medical men have stated that the number of deaths, in times when there are no epidemics, amounts to 59 or 20 per thousand, and the number of births to 25 to 40 per thousand.

Difficulties on the route; dissensions between Emin and the authorities in German East Africa, and misunderstandings on the part of both; epidemics of disease in Emin's force, followed by a growing spirit of mutiny among his native followers; an illness of a painful nature which attacked him - all these gradually undermined Emin's courage, and his diaries at the close of 1891 reflect a gloomy and almost hopeless spirit.

The virulence of infective diseases varies in different epidemics, and at different times in the same epidemic. It had been noted that many infective diseases did not attack an individual a second time, the first attack appearing to protect from subsequent ones.

The annual diminution in the number of the Indian population was undoubtedly very great, but it was due far more to the result of European epidemics and to indulgence in alcohol than to hard work.

This phenomenon is due to the activity of a whole series of marine bacteria of various genera, the examination and organisms depend on the discovery that their patho genicity or virulence can be modified - diminished or increased - by definite treatment, and, in the natural course of epidemics, by alterations in the environment.

Besides those who died in warfare, whole tribes of Hottentots were destroyed by epidemics of smallpox in 1713 and in 1755.

We are indebted to the Local Government Board for having traced to such causes certain epidemics of typhoid, and there can be no manner of doubt that the evil has been very general.

Both it and the aromatic solution are powerful intestinal astringents, and are therefore useful in diarrhoea of a serious type, being strongly recommended both as a prophylactic and as a treatment during epidemics of Asiatic cholera.

This decrease was due partly to the famines of 1896-1897 and 1900-1901, partly to the epidemics of cholera and fever which accompanied them, and partly to the plague which attacked the state in as great measure as the surrounding presidency.

The power of the crown was increased by the confiscation of the great Sturlung estates, which were underleased to farmers, while the early falling off of the Norse trade threatened to deprive the island of the means of existence; for the great epidemics and eruptions of the 1.4th century had gravely attacked its pastoral wealth and ruined much of its pasture and fishery.

In those cases due to Shiga's bacillus the ideal treatment has been put at our disposal by the preparation of a specific antitoxin; this has been given a trial in several grave epidemics of late, and may be said to be the most satisfactory treatment and offer the greatest hope of recovery.

Subsequent epidemics have not been attended by anything like this mortality, but there has, however, been a steady decrease, principally among young children, owing to whooping-cough, tuberculosis and croup. Every Fijian child seems to contract yaws at some time in its life, a mistaken notion existing on the part of the parents that it strengthens the child's physique.

Epidemics of influenza and fever have been very prevalent of late years in the central provinces.

In countries with generalized epidemics, antenatal clinic attendees are thought to represent the adult population with good accuracy.

Moreover, as we know, the plague epidemics of early modern London did not hit all areas of the capital with equal force.

Hundreds of thousands have died from hunger or the cholera and typhoid epidemics which have swept the country.

During the 19 th century, cholera spread to Europe and the Americas, causing several devastating epidemics.