noun
definition
The bending of a wave around an obstacle.
definition
The breaking up of an electromagnetic wave as it passes a geometric structure (e.g. a slit), followed by reconstruction of the wave by interference.
Examples of diffraction in a Sentence
From the measured distances of the diffraction bands the width of the slit may be easily deduced.
By this procedure the width of the central band in the diffraction pattern is halved, and so far an advantage is attained.
In 1799 he was induced by his fellow-student, Henry Brougham, to study the diffraction of light.
If the image of the line be =o, the intensity at any point E, n of the diffraction pattern may be represented by ?2a2t2 S A2f2 the same law as obtains for a luminous point when horizontal directions are alone considered.
Gouy has studied the more simple case of diffraction at a straight' edge.
If one cuts out by a diaphragm in the back focal plane of the objective all diffraction spectra except the principal maximum, one sees in the image a field divided into two halves, which show with different clearness, but no banding.
The filter wheel includes a 4x magnifier that results in 0.12 arcsec pixels for near diffraction limited imaging.
From the Fraunhofer formula I =X/n sin a one can immediately deduce the limit to the diffraction constant I, so that the banding by an objective of fixed numerical aperture can be perceived.
All details of the object so resolved are perceived, if two diffraction maxima can be passed through the objective, so that the character of the object is seen in the image, even if an exact resemblance has not yet been attained.
The Fraunhofer diffraction phenomena, which take place in the 0 FIG.
If a resolvable grating is considered, the diffraction phenomenon has the appearance shown in fig.
If the obliquity of illumination be so great that the principal maximum passes through the outermost edge of the objective, while a spectrum of 1st order passes the opposite edge, so that in the back focal plane the diffraction phenomenon shown in fig.
Abbe showed that for the production of an image the diffraction maxima must lie within the exit pupil of the objective.
If this object be viewed by the objective, so that at least the diffraction spectra of 1st order pass the finer divisions, then the corresponding diffraction phenomenon in the back focal plane of the objective has the appearance shown in fig.
If now the spectrum of Est order of the larger division be cut out from the diffraction figure, as is shown in fig.
At least two successive diffraction maxima must be admitted through the objective for there to be any image of the objects.
X-Ray Diffraction The group currently has two rotating anode and a sealed tube X-ray generator.
The Phenix is a unique closed cycle helium cryostat specifically designed for powder diffraction.
The best way to find out the structure of a crystalline solid like a zeolite is to use single crystal X-ray diffraction.
Working in Oxford she used x-ray crystallography, a technique based on the diffraction of x-rays by crystals.
Also it is of considerable interest to produce bigger protein crystals for neutron diffraction studies of hydrogen deuterium exchange, in particular cases.
The substage diaphragm was reduced to enhance diffraction colors.
This is a reason why D syntheses are performed in studies of electron densities by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
In order to learn more about the mechanism of these reactions we have studies these reaction using time-resolved in-situ X-ray diffraction.
Convergent beam electron diffraction In many materials, the crystal structure of minority phases is not known.
For X-ray diffraction studies on organic thin films a portable vacuum chamber is used.
Ted was ideally placed to make use of neutron diffraction to study the nature of the vortex state.
Users may also submit their own powder diffraction data.
For small molecules, it is possible to analyze X-ray diffraction data by means of the direct methods.
We are currently broadening our repertoire into the developing of synchrotron X-ray diffraction.
Here we report the measurement of electron diffraction patterns from these crystals.
The new cavity configuration allowed tuning of the laser continuously over 25 nm of the erbium gain bandwidth by using a bulk diffraction grating.
But the tunable diffraction grating could raise it by about 100 percent.
We design distorted diffraction gratings that simulate the effects of long propagation distances in a short instrument.
The Star Analyzer 100 is a high efficiency 100 lines/mm transmission diffraction grating, blazed in the first order.
Measurements of such order are usually made by diffraction techniques, which detect the ionic cores and the spins of the conduction electrons.
The neutron diffraction experiment is undertaken under relatively extreme conditions.
Question 5 A student finds an old, unmarked diffraction grating in a cupboard.
This window shows a simulated TEM diffraction pattern for the wurtzite structure, colour-coded to show the phase of diffracted intensity.
In the 1930's, X-ray diffraction studies of solids showed that polymers contained large macromolecules.
Neutron diffraction techniques are employed to investigate both atomic and magnetic structures, while longer range fluctuations are studied using small angle neutron diffraction techniques are employed to investigate both atomic and magnetic structures, while longer range fluctuations are studied using small angle neutron scattering.
What else can we say about the diffraction pattern from a protein crystal?
So far we have only considered the case of small- t diffraction with respect to the outgoing proton.
Because almost all reflecting telescopes produce diffraction spikes, many people are used to seeing them and don't consider them an aberration.
Harford, J.J. & Squire, J.M. (1997) Time-resolved diffraction studies of muscle using synchrotron radiation.
I am analyzing synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns and to work out the diffractometer constants I refined a silicon pattern.
Working in Oxford she used X-ray crystallography, a technique based on the diffraction of x-rays by crystals.
Intermediate cases in which a few zones only are formed belong especially to the province of diffraction.
The diffraction pattern is therefore that due to a single aperture, merely brightened n times.
Diffraction when the Source of Light is not seen in Focus.